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Related Concept Videos

Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

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Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
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Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

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Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
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What is Cell Signaling?02:03

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Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

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Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
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Protein Networks

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy
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Engineering cell signaling modulators from native protein-protein interactions.

Wei Zhang1, Moshe Ben-David1, Sachdev S Sidhu1

  • 1The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada.

Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|November 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New protein engineering strategies are crucial for developing targeted therapies. Advanced platforms enable the creation of probes to modulate protein function, aiding drug discovery and precision medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Genome sequencing and genetic screening technologies (RNAi, CRISPR) have advanced understanding of disease signaling networks.
  • Precision medicine necessitates integrating genetic and protein-based approaches for drug development.
  • Efficient platforms are needed to create probes for modulating protein function and validating drug targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in engineering protein-protein interactions.
  • To highlight the application of these engineered interactions in modulating cell signaling for therapeutic purposes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on protein engineering techniques.
  • Focus on antibody and small protein scaffold development.
  • Analysis of methods for modulating natural protein-protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • Protein engineering enables rapid production of affinity reagents like monoclonal antibodies and small protein scaffolds.
  • These reagents can be designed to modulate specific protein functions.
  • Progress in engineering natural protein-protein interactions offers new avenues for cell signaling modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced protein engineering is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Engineering protein-protein interactions provides a powerful tool for drug target validation and lead development.
  • This approach is vital for advancing precision medicine and treating human diseases.