Guillain-Barré syndrome: 100 years on

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology

Background:

• Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been linked to acute polyradiculoneuritis for approximately 100 years.
• The understanding of GBS has evolved significantly since its initial description.

Observation:

• The spectrum of GBS now encompasses pure motor or sensory deficits.
• Focal forms, demyelinating and axonal neurophysiological characteristics, and immunological distinctions are recognized.

Findings:

• GBS presents with a wide range of clinical and electrophysiological features.
• Excitability dysfunctions are key characteristics identified in GBS patients.

Implications:

• An improved classification of GBS is anticipated to drive treatment innovations.
• Despite advancements, GBS remains a life-threatening condition with significant functional implications for many patients.