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Related Concept Videos

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis01:46

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

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In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
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Radical Anti-Markovnikov Addition to Alkenes: Mechanism01:17

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The reaction of hydrogen bromide with alkenes in the presence of hydroperoxides or peroxides proceeds via anti-Markovnikov addition. The radical chain reaction comprises initiation, propagation, and termination steps.
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Oxymercuration–reduction of alkenes is one of the major reactions converting alkenes to alcohols. It involves the hydration of alkenes with mercuric acetate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and water, forming an organomercury adduct. This is followed by a demercuration step in which the adduct is reduced to an alcohol using sodium borohydride.
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In the presence of heat or light, alkanes react with molecular halogens to form alkyl halides by a substitution reaction called radical halogenation. This reaction has three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination, as seen in the radical chlorination of methane to produce methyl chloride.
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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
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How does elevated ozone reduce methane emissions from peatlands?

Sylvia Toet1, Viktoria Oliver1, Phil Ineson2

  • 1Environment Department, University of York, York YO10 5NG, UK.

The Science of the Total Environment
|November 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated summer ozone pollution significantly reduced methane emissions from temperate peatlands by 27%. This decrease was linked to reduced soil inorganic nitrogen, not plant carbon availability, impacting microbial processes.

Keywords:
(13)CCH(4)MiresNitrogenSedgeSphagnum papillosum

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecology
  • Atmospheric Chemistry

Background:

  • Tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution is increasing globally.
  • Its impact on methane (CH4) emissions from peatlands is not well understood.
  • Peatlands are significant sources of atmospheric CH4.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of elevated ozone on CH4 emissions from temperate peatlands.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms driving O3-induced changes in CH4 flux.
  • To assess the role of plant carbon and soil nitrogen.

Main Methods:

  • Peatland mesocosms were exposed to varying O3 concentrations in open-top chambers for 2.5 years.
  • CH4 emissions, root biomass, dissolved organic carbon, and soil inorganic nitrogen were measured.
  • CH4 production and oxidation potentials were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Summer daytime O3 exposure (35ppb) reduced CH4 emissions by 27%.
  • No significant effects were observed with year-round lower O3 concentrations (10-25ppb).
  • Reduced CH4 emissions correlated with decreased pore water ammonium, not changes in plant carbon inputs.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated summer O3 can decrease temperate peatland CH4 emissions.
  • The primary mechanism involves reduced soil inorganic nitrogen affecting methanogenesis and/or methanotrophy.
  • Future O3 increases may alter peatland CH4 budgets, but effects depend on O3 concentration and seasonality.