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Updated: Mar 11, 2026
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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Published on: June 9, 2023
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Thyroid cancer with tracheal invasion: a pathological estimation.
Vincenzo Pappalardo1, Stefano La Rosa2, Andrea Imperatori3
11 Division of General Surgery, Research Center for Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences and Human Morphology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Gland Surgery
|November 22, 2016
Summary
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) invades the trachea perpendicularly between cartilage rings, sparing the rings themselves. This pattern is consistent in well-differentiated PTC, unlike poorly differentiated types.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) can invade adjacent structures, including the trachea.
- Surgical management often involves thyroidectomy and airway resection with reconstruction.
Observation:
- Reviewed seven cases of PTC invading the trachea over 15 years.
- Detailed clinical and pathologic features of these invasions.
- Examined the specific pattern of PTC cell infiltration into the tracheal wall.
Findings:
- Well-differentiated PTC invades the trachea perpendicularly between cartilaginous rings.
- Tracheal cartilage rings remain non-infiltrated in well-differentiated PTC cases.
- This inter-cartilage invasion pattern aligns with previous findings by Shin et al. (1993).
- Cartilage invasion was observed in poorly differentiated thyroid cancers with poor prognosis.
Implications:
- Understanding this specific invasion pattern aids in accurate pathologic diagnosis of tracheal invasion by PTC.
- Distinguishing between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer invasion is crucial for prognosis.
- Informed surgical planning for airway resection and reconstruction in advanced PTC cases.
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