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Risk factors for development of primary bladder squamous cell carcinoma.

K V Manley1, R Hubbard2, D Swallow3

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|November 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Over half of bladder squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients had risk factors like smoking or recurrent UTIs. Chronic clean intermittent self-catheterisation (CISC) may increase SCC risk, warranting further investigation for screening guidelines.

Keywords:
BladderClean intermittent self-catheterisationPrimarySquamous cell carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a distinct subtype of bladder cancer.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for understanding disease etiology and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of known risk factors associated with primary bladder SCC.
  • To explore the potential role of clean intermittent self-catheterisation (CISC) in bladder SCC development.

Main Methods:

  • Multicentre analysis of 90 primary bladder SCC cases.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, cancer stage/grade, management, outcomes, and documented risk factors (catheter use, neuropathic bladder, smoking, recurrent UTIs, bladder stones).

Main Results:

  • Over 50% of patients presented with at least one identifiable risk factor.
  • Prevalence of risk factors included: catheter use (13.9%, with 11.1% using CISC), neuropathic bladder (10.0%), smoking history (27.8%), and recurrent UTIs (20.0%).
  • No statistical association was found between risk factors and tumour grade at presentation.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms associations between primary bladder SCC and established risk factors.
  • Chronic CISC use may pose a higher risk for SCC development than previously recognized.
  • Further research is needed to validate the role of CISC and establish appropriate bladder surveillance protocols for this patient group.