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This study investigates how array processing in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers affects measurement accuracy. Findings show these techniques can distort carrier phase measurements, impacting high-precision navigation solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • * Satellite Navigation Systems
  • * Signal Processing
  • * Geomatics Engineering

Background:

  • * Antenna arrays in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers offer interference mitigation.
  • * Array processing techniques can introduce measurement distortions, compromising high-precision applications.
  • * These distortions adversely affect carrier phase ambiguity resolution and overall navigation accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the impact of various array processing techniques on GNSS receiver measurements.
  • * To analyze the performance of different beamforming methods in GNSS receivers.
  • * To evaluate the effects on both tracking and navigation solution domains.

Main Methods:

  • * Investigated two beamforming techniques: Power Minimization (PM) and Minimum Power Distortionless Response (MPDR).
  • * Analyzed tracking domain parameters: carrier Doppler, Phase Lock Indicator (PLI), and Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (C/N₀).
  • * Evaluated pseudorange and carrier phase measurement distortions and carrier phase positioning performance using simulated signals and field tests.

Main Results:

  • * Array processing techniques, specifically PM and MPDR, were found to introduce distortions in GNSS carrier phase measurements.
  • * These distortions negatively impacted the accuracy of the navigation solution.
  • * Performance degradation was observed in both simulated and real-world field tests.

Conclusions:

  • * Spatial processing in array-based GNSS receivers can lead to significant measurement distortions.
  • * The choice of beamforming technique critically influences navigation performance.
  • * High-precision GNSS applications require careful consideration and calibration of array processing methods to mitigate distortions.