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Resolving Dimensionality Problems With WHOQOL-BREF Item Responses.

Harsha N Perera1, Zahra Izadikhah2, Peter O'Connor3

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|November 23, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study validates the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) using a bifactor model, revealing a midlife dip in quality of life (QOL) across genders and age groups.

Keywords:
ESEMQOLbifactor modelsdimensionality

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Health Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is widely used but its underlying latent structure remains debated.
  • Understanding the psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF is crucial for accurate quality of life (QOL) measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the latent structure of the WHOQOL-BREF.
  • To examine the factorial invariance of the WHOQOL-BREF across gender.
  • To explore age and gender interactions in relation to QOL dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • A bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) approach was employed.
  • Data from a general population sample were analyzed.
  • Factorial invariance and latent mean differences were tested across gender and age groups.

Main Results:

  • A bifactor ESEM model provided a robust representation of the WHOQOL-BREF data, accounting for general and specific QOL factors.
  • The measurement and structural properties of the WHOQOL-BREF were found to be invariant across gender.
  • A curvilinear relationship between age and QOL was identified, with a nadir observed during midlife.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide strong validation for the WHOQOL-BREF, supporting its bifactor structure.
  • The WHOQOL-BREF demonstrates reliable measurement across genders.
  • The study highlights a significant midlife decline in QOL, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions.