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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Antimicrobial prophylaxis in dentistry.

A Merlos1, T Vinuesa2, E Jané-Salas3

  • 1Department of Dentistry, Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
|November 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern. This review examines the literature on prophylactic antibiotic use in dentistry, highlighting controversies and the need for careful patient evaluation.

Keywords:
Antibiotic prophylaxisAntimicrobial resistanceAntimicrobialsDentistryInfectious endocarditisJoint prosthesesOral surgeryOral surgery procedures

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Dentistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antibiotic use in humans and animals contributes to antibiotic resistance.
  • Clinical practice in dentistry, especially oral surgery, faces controversies regarding antibiotic prophylaxis.
  • Guidelines exist, but decisions require careful patient evaluation.

Approach:

  • Literature review on prophylactic antimicrobial use in dentistry.
  • Analysis of factors influencing antibiotic prophylaxis decisions.

Key Points:

  • Antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry aims to prevent infections like endocarditis or joint prosthesis infections.
  • Careful evaluation of patient condition and risks is crucial for informed decisions.
  • Knowledge of antimicrobial use is vital for oral surgeons and dentists.

Conclusions:

  • Further research and clear guidelines are needed to address controversies in dental antibiotic prophylaxis.
  • Optimizing antibiotic use in dentistry can help combat antibiotic resistance.