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Related Experiment Videos

Peripheral atherosclerosis in familial hypercholesterolaemia.

V Perhoniemi1, H Gylling, K Salmenkivi

  • 1Second Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral atherosclerosis is common in familial hypercholesterolaemia, affecting 65% of patients studied. This multilevel disease impacts peripheral arteries, unlike previously thought.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by high LDL cholesterol.
  • Peripheral atherosclerosis is typically considered infrequent in FH patients.
  • FH is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of peripheral atherosclerosis in asymptomatic patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.
  • To compare the incidence of peripheral atherosclerosis in FH patients versus a normolipidaemic control group.
  • To explore correlations between peripheral atherosclerosis and traditional risk factors or lipid metabolism in FH.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 20 asymptomatic FH patients and age/sex-matched controls.

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  • Non-invasive assessment using ankle-arm systolic blood pressure ratio at rest.
  • Exclusion of patients with symptoms of vascular disease.

    • Main Results:

    • Peripheral atherosclerosis was highly prevalent (65%) in FH patients, with abnormal ankle-arm systolic blood pressure ratio (<0.97).
    • Only one individual in the control group had an abnormal ratio.
    • Eight FH patients had coronary artery disease; seven also had asymptomatic peripheral artery disease.
    • No correlation found between peripheral atherosclerosis and classical risk factors or lipid parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • Atherosclerosis in familial hypercholesterolaemia is a multilevel disease.
    • Peripheral arteries are frequently affected by atherosclerosis in FH patients.
    • Early detection and management of peripheral atherosclerosis in FH are crucial.