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Dynamical compensation in physiological circuits.

Omer Karin1, Avital Swisa2, Benjamin Glaser3

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Molecular Systems Biology
|November 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biological systems exhibit exact adaptation using integral feedback. This study introduces dynamical compensation (DC), a mechanism ensuring precise output dynamics in physiological circuits, like blood glucose regulation by insulin.

Keywords:
calcium homeostasisdynamical compensationendocrine circuitsglucose homeostasismathematical models of disease

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Area of Science:

  • Systems Biology
  • Physiological Control Systems
  • Biochemical Engineering

Background:

  • Biological systems demonstrate exact adaptation, maintaining steady-state output despite parameter variations via integral feedback.
  • Robustness in output dynamics (amplitude, response time) is critical for homeostatic circuits but poorly understood.
  • Physiological circuits must adapt dynamically to parameter fluctuations in target tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a design principle for robust dynamic responses in physiological circuits.
  • To explain how biological systems achieve precise control dynamics despite parameter variability.
  • To investigate the mechanism of dynamical compensation (DC) in endocrine and neuronal circuits.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a class of circuits exhibiting dynamical compensation (DC).
  • Utilized a nonlinear feedback loop where the regulated variable influences the functional mass of the controlling tissue.
  • Applied the model to blood glucose regulation by insulin and analyzed insulin resistance.

Main Results:

  • Introduced dynamical compensation (DC) as a principle for robust output dynamics.
  • Demonstrated DC through a nonlinear feedback mechanism controlling functional tissue mass.
  • The DC mechanism explains blood glucose control by insulin and observed insulin resistance phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamical compensation (DC) provides robustness to physiological circuit dynamics.
  • The proposed nonlinear feedback mechanism is applicable to endocrine and neuronal regulation.
  • Evidence suggests DC may underlie organ size control and compensation in other physiological systems.