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Related Concept Videos

Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Brain Imaging01:14

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
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Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients during and after electroconvulsive therapy.

Antoine Yrondi1, Patrice Péran2, Anne Sauvaget3

  • 11Psychiatric Department, CHU Toulouse-Purpan,Toulouse,France.

Acta Neuropsychiatrica
|November 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) shows structural and functional brain changes on MRI scans. These findings help clarify the mechanisms of ECT in treating major depressive disorder (MDD).

Keywords:
depressiondepressive disorderelectroconvulsive therapymagnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective non-pharmacological treatment for severe and treatment-resistant depression.
  • The precise brain mechanisms underlying ECT's efficacy in major depressive disorder (MDD) require further elucidation.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques reveal structural and functional brain alterations associated with ECT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify brain changes observed via MRI (sMRI, fMRI, DTI) following ECT.
  • To clarify the operating mechanisms of ECT in treating depression.
  • To investigate structural-functional alterations in the brain post-ECT.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase up to September 2015.
  • Included studies published in English using MESH terms: electroconvulsive therapy AND (MRI OR fMRI OR DTI).
  • Four authors conducted a predefined search strategy to identify eligible studies.

Main Results:

  • Observed structural changes in sMRI scans before and after ECT, not solely attributable to edema.
  • Assessed functional network connectivity related to ECT response in MDD.
  • Found that ECT response in MDD reverses the relationship between specific network pairs from negative to positive.

Conclusions:

  • Structural and functional changes in the brain were identified post-ECT using MRI.
  • Limited current MRI data necessitates further research utilizing advanced MRI technologies to better understand ECT's effects.