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Multi-component model of intramural hematoma.

Martina Bukač1, Mark Alber2

  • 1Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics
|November 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new model simulates blood flow and aortic wall interactions in intramural hematoma (IMH). Thicker or less permeable hematomas increase wall stress, suggesting blood coagulation may improve mechanical stability.

Keywords:
Finite element modelFlexible wallIntramural hemorrhageMulti-component modelPoroelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Solid Mechanics

Background:

  • Intramural hematoma (IMH) is a serious aortic condition requiring accurate simulation.
  • Understanding the interaction between blood flow and the deforming aortic wall with IMH is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel multi-component computational model for simulating blood flow and aortic wall dynamics in the presence of IMH.
  • To investigate the relationship between IMH characteristics (thickness, permeability) and aortic wall stress in different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • A composite structure submodel was used to represent the aortic wall's material properties.
  • A poroelasticity submodel described the intramural hematoma, accounting for internal pressure and deformation.
  • The hematoma, aortic, and pulsatile blood flow submodels were fully coupled in the simulation.

Main Results:

  • Increased hematoma thickness was correlated with higher peak wall stress, aligning with clinical observations.
  • Reduced hematoma permeability led to increased wall stress.
  • Simulations suggest that blood coagulation within the hematoma may enhance its mechanical stability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multi-component model effectively simulates blood flow-aortic wall interactions in IMH.
  • Hematoma thickness and permeability are significant factors influencing aortic wall stress.
  • Findings support the hypothesis that blood coagulation could offer a beneficial mechanical stabilizing effect in IMH.