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Revisiting some chalcogenides for thermoelectricity.

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Summary

Sulfides and selenides show promise for converting waste heat to electricity. AgCrSe2 achieves a high figure of merit (zT) due to low thermal conductivity, demonstrating phonon engineering potential.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Efficient thermoelectric materials are crucial for waste-heat energy conversion, especially above ambient temperatures.
  • Oxide thermoelectrics have limitations due to low power factors (PF).
  • Increasing covalency by replacing oxygen with sulfur or selenium is a strategy to enhance thermoelectric properties.

Approach:

  • This review examines sulfides (binary Cr-S, layered TiS2-based) and selenides (AgCrSe2) to understand their thermoelectric characteristics.
  • Compares PF values of transition metal sulfides and selenides with oxides.
  • Investigates the influence of magnetism (Cr-S) versus d0 character (Ti4+) on PF.

Key Points:

  • Layered sulfides like TiS2 and Cu0.1TiS2 exhibit higher PF (∼10-3 W m-1 K-2) than oxides.
  • Magnetism in Cr-S compounds appears detrimental to PF compared to d0 Ti4+ sulfides.
  • AgCrSe2 shows a low PF but exceptionally low thermal conductivity (κ = 0.2 W m-1 K-1).

Conclusions:

  • AgCrSe2 achieves the highest figure of merit (zT = 0.8 at 700 K) among the reviewed materials.
  • A glassy-like state in Ag+ cations above 475 K is linked to the low thermal conductivity of AgCrSe2.
  • Phonon engineering in open frameworks offers a promising route for developing efficient thermoelectric materials.