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A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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Isomerism in Complexes
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para...
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Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

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New dinitrosyl iron complexes bound with physiologically active dipeptide carnosine.

Konstantin B Shumaev1, Olga V Kosmachevskaya1, Elvira I Nasybullina1

  • 1Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.

Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry : JBIC : a Publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
|November 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) bound with carnosine were formed, offering protection against carbonyl stress. These complexes may play a role in cellular adaptation during hyperglycemia.

Keywords:
CarnosineDinitrosyl iron complexesHistidineMethylglyoxalNitroxyl

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) are key physiological nitric oxide (NO) derivatives involved in numerous biological functions.
  • The dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a multifunctional compound with significant pharmacological potential.
  • Understanding the interactions of carnosine with biological molecules is crucial for its therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of carnosine-bound DNICs in the presence of iron ions and Angeli's salt.
  • To examine the influence of methylglyoxal, a reactive carbonyl compound, on carnosine-DNIC formation.
  • To elucidate the potential biological roles of carnosine-bound DNICs, particularly under conditions of oxidative and carbonyl stress.

Main Methods:

  • Complex formation studies involving carnosine, iron ions, and Angeli's salt.
  • Spectroscopic analysis to characterize the newly formed DNICs.
  • Investigating the impact of methylglyoxal on the stability and formation of carnosine-DNICs.

Main Results:

  • A novel type of DNIC, {(carnosine)2-Fe-(NO)2}, was successfully synthesized with carnosine acting as a ligand.
  • Methylglyoxal was found to influence the formation process of these carnosine-bound DNICs.
  • The formation of carnosine-bound DNICs was observed under conditions simulating increased reactive carbonyl compounds, such as during hyperglycemia.

Conclusions:

  • Carnosine-bound DNICs represent a potential cellular adaptation mechanism to increased carbonyl compound levels.
  • These complexes may function in NO signaling and regulation.
  • Carnosine-bound DNICs show promise as protective agents against oxidative and carbonyl stress.