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Related Experiment Videos

Neoplasms in dialysis patients: a population-based study.

F K Port1, N E Ragheb, A G Schwartz

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|August 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis face increased cancer risks, particularly for kidney, uterine, and prostate tumors. Early evaluation for these cancers is recommended for dialysis patients experiencing symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) affects kidney function, potentially influencing cancer development.
  • Dialysis is a life-sustaining treatment for ESRD patients, but its long-term effects on cancer risk are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cancer incidence and identify excess cancer risks in a cohort of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing dialysis.
  • To compare observed cancer cases in dialysis patients against expected rates within the general population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Michigan Kidney Registry (MKR) from 1973 to 1984, linking it with the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System (MDCSS).
  • Calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) by comparing observed cancers in 4,161 dialysis patients to expected cancer rates based on regional, demographic, and temporal data.

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  • Analyzed incidence for all tumor types, including in situ and invasive cancers, with specific focus on renal, uterine, and prostate malignancies.

    • Main Results:

    • A significantly increased standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was observed for all in situ tumors combined.
    • Significantly elevated SIRs were found for invasive kidney tumors (4-5 fold excess, P < 0.005) and endometrial tumors (4-5 fold excess, P < 0.005).
    • A statistically significant increased risk was also noted for prostate cancer (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Patients on dialysis exhibit a higher risk for developing kidney, endometrial, and prostate cancers.
    • Routine medical evaluation for these specific cancers is advised for dialysis patients presenting with any symptoms.
    • Population-based registries are valuable resources for cancer research and necessitate inclusion of risk factors in future analyses.