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Culturing bone marrow cells with dexamethasone and ascorbic acid improves osteogenic cell sheet structure.

M Akahane1, T Shimizu2, T Kira2

  • 1Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University Faculty of Medicine, Kashihara, Nara, Japan makahane@naramed-u.ac.jp.

Bone & Joint Research
|November 25, 2016
PubMed
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Combining dexamethasone (Dex) and ascorbic acid phosphate (AscP) significantly improved osteogenic cell sheet integrity and bone formation. This enhanced cell sheet structure is promising for challenging bone defect reconstructions.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Osteogenic cell sheets are crucial for bone tissue engineering.
  • Improving the mechanical integrity of cell sheets is essential for clinical applications.
  • Current methods for preparing osteogenic cell sheets often result in fragile structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) and ascorbic acid phosphate (AscP) on osteogenic cell sheet structure and extracellular matrix molecule expression.
  • To compare the efficacy of combined Dex and AscP with Dex or AscP alone in enhancing cell sheet properties.

Main Methods:

  • Rat bone marrow stromal cells were cultured in various media: minimal essential medium (MEM), MEM with AscP, MEM with Dex, and MEM with Dex and AscP (Dex/AscP).
  • In vitro assessments included cell number and mRNA expression.
  • Cell sheet integrity was evaluated after mechanical retrieval.
  • Cell sheets were used to wrap β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds and implanted subcutaneously in rats.

Main Results:

  • Cell sheets cultured with Dex/AscP remained intact after mechanical retrieval, unlike those cultured with AscP or Dex alone.
  • Combined Dex/AscP culture significantly increased extracellular matrix protein expression, mRNA levels, and cell number compared to other groups.
  • Enhanced bridging bone formation was observed in vivo with β-TCP scaffolds wrapped with Dex/AscP-cultured cell sheets.

Conclusions:

  • Culture with both Dex and AscP improves the mechanical integrity of osteogenic cell sheets, enabling retrieval as a single, confluent structure.
  • This improved cell sheet quality holds potential for reconstructive surgery in cases of nonunion, bone defects, and osteonecrosis.