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Granulocytic sarcoma presenting as bleeding gastric polyp.

K F Wong1, R W Yuen, A S Lok

  • 1Institute of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong.

Pathology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Granulocytic sarcoma, a rare manifestation of myeloid leukemia, can precede or coincide with acute myeloid leukemia. This case highlights gastric granulocytic sarcoma as an unusual initial sign of leukemic transformation in myelodysplastic syndrome.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an extramedullary tumor of myeloid blasts.
  • GS can manifest concurrently with, precede, or follow the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
  • Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with bleeding from a gastric polyp.
  • Endoscopic and histopathological examination revealed a polypoid granulocytic sarcoma in the stomach.
  • The patient had a prior diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome.

Findings:

  • The gastric granulocytic sarcoma was the initial clinical manifestation of leukemic conversion from MDS.
  • This represents an unusual presentation of acute myeloid leukemia.

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Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering granulocytic sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in patients with MDS.
  • Emphasizes the diverse clinical presentations of myeloid malignancies.
  • Suggests that gastric granulocytic sarcoma can be the harbinger of leukemic transformation in MDS.