Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

793
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
793
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

1.1K
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.1K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

1.0K
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
1.0K
Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

928
Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into...
928
Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

7.2K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
7.2K
Gustation01:43

Gustation

53.3K
Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.
53.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Wavelet Analysis of Dual-fMRI-Hyperscanning Reveals Cooperation and Communication Dependent Effects on Interbrain Neuronal Coherence.

Human brain mapping·2025
Same author

Conflict adaptation and related neuronal processing in Parkinson's disease.

Brain imaging and behavior·2021
Same author

Virtual grocery shopping and cookie consumption following intranasal insulin or placebo application.

Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology·2019
Same author

Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity reflects handling of contaminants but not gastric infection.

Digestion·1999
Same author

Differential expression of a novel seven transmembrane domain protein in epididymal fat from aged and diabetic mice.

Endocrinology·1999
Same author

Streptozotocin dose-response curve in tilapia, a glucose-responsive teleost fish.

General and comparative endocrinology·1999
Same journal

Single-nuclei RNA sequencing reveals heterogeneity within developing GnRH3 neurons in zebrafish.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Isosmotic hypovolemia preserves inverse neurovascular coupling in the supraoptic nucleus during heart failure.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Mapping of oxytocin- and arginine vasopressin-expressing neurons with calbindin 1 or reelin in the male mouse brain.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Alterations in cognitive function among reproductive-age women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Laparoscopic resection of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: A long-term survival analysis.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same journal

Outcomes of liver resections for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases in carcinoid heart disease.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice
07:15

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

Published on: April 8, 2013

62.2K

Intranasal Insulin Boosts Gustatory Sensitivity.

R Rodriguez-Raecke1,2, H Yang1, Y F Bruenner1

  • 1Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology
|November 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intranasal insulin improved taste sensitivity compared to a placebo. This study explored how insulin delivered via the nose affects the perception of sweet, salty, bitter, and sour tastes.

Keywords:
gustationintranasal insulin applicationtaste

More Related Videos

Immunostimulatory Agent Evaluation: Lymphoid Tissue Extraction and Injection Route-Dependent Dendritic Cell Activation
07:04

Immunostimulatory Agent Evaluation: Lymphoid Tissue Extraction and Injection Route-Dependent Dendritic Cell Activation

Published on: September 16, 2018

10.9K
New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding
10:59

New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding

Published on: June 29, 2017

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice
07:15

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

Published on: April 8, 2013

62.2K
Immunostimulatory Agent Evaluation: Lymphoid Tissue Extraction and Injection Route-Dependent Dendritic Cell Activation
07:04

Immunostimulatory Agent Evaluation: Lymphoid Tissue Extraction and Injection Route-Dependent Dendritic Cell Activation

Published on: September 16, 2018

10.9K
New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding
10:59

New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding

Published on: June 29, 2017

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Intranasal insulin is recognized for its effects on memory, appetite, and smell.
  • The impact of intranasal insulin on taste perception, or gustatory sensitivity, remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of intranasal insulin on gustatory sensitivity.
  • To determine if intranasal insulin alters the perception of different taste qualities (sweet, salty, bitter, sour).

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind study administering intranasal insulin or placebo to healthy male subjects.
  • Gustatory sensitivity was assessed using various concentrations of sweet, salty, bitter, sour solutions, and water.
  • Signal detection theory (parameter d') was used to quantify taste sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Intranasal insulin significantly improved overall gustatory sensitivity compared to placebo.
  • Sensitivity to sweet tastes was highest, while sensitivity to bitter tastes was lowest.
  • Blood parameters (glucose, insulin, leptin) remained stable, confirming peripheral euglycaemia.

Conclusions:

  • Intranasal insulin enhances gustatory sensitivity in humans.
  • The findings suggest a potential role for intranasal insulin in modulating taste perception.