Epidemiologic analysis: Prophylaxis and multidrug-resistance in surgery
H Solís-Téllez1, E E Mondragón-Pinzón2, M Ramírez-Marino3
1Departamento de Cirugía Gastrointestinal, Hospital Ángeles del Pedregal, Ciudad de México, México; Departamento de Cirugía General, Universidad la Salle, Ciudad de México, México.
Adherence to antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines for preventing surgical site infections is inadequate, despite a single dose being effective. Multidrug-resistant infections are linked to intensive care unit admission.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Care
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Surgical site infection (SSI) is a postoperative complication within 30 days, characterized by purulent drainage, microbial isolation, and infection signs.
- Understanding SSI epidemiology and prophylaxis is crucial for patient outcomes in tertiary care settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of hospital-acquired infections.
- To compare different prophylactic regimens in general surgery.
- To identify factors associated with surgical site infections.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 728 general surgery patient records (2013-2014).
- Analysis of antimicrobial prophylaxis adherence in 638 patients.
- Evaluation of multidrug-resistant strains in 50 ICU patients.
- Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests.
Main Results:
- A total of 728 procedures were analyzed, with 65.9% being elective surgeries.
- Only 3.98% of patients adhered to recommended antimicrobial prophylaxis.
- Multidrug-resistant bacterial strains were identified in the intensive care unit.
Conclusions:
- A single prophylactic dose of antibiotics is effective for preventing SSIs.
- Adherence to recommended antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines was significantly low.
- Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms were significantly associated with ICU admission.
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