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Spectral analysis of hearing protector impulsive insertion loss.

Cameron J Fackler1, Elliott H Berger1, William J Murphy2

  • 1a 3M Personal Safety Division , Indianapolis Acoustical Laboratories , Indianapolis , IN , USA and.

International Journal of Audiology
|November 26, 2016
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Summary

Impulse Peak Insertion Loss (IPIL) measurements for hearing protection devices (HPDs) vary by noise source. Impulsive Spectral Insertion Loss (ISIL) offers a more consistent and complete assessment of HPD performance in impulsive noise conditions.

Keywords:
Hearing protectionimpulse noiseinsertion lossspectral analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Occupational Safety and Health
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Hearing protection devices (HPDs) are crucial for mitigating noise-induced hearing loss.
  • Characterizing HPD performance in impulsive noise is complex due to varying noise source characteristics.
  • Existing metrics may not fully capture HPD effectiveness against transient sound events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of various HPDs under impulsive noise conditions.
  • To compare different protection metrics, including Impulse Peak Insertion Loss (IPIL) and Impulsive Spectral Insertion Loss (ISIL).
  • To contrast impulsive noise measurements with traditional steady-state noise and Real-Ear Attenuation at Threshold (REAT) assessments.

Main Methods:

  • HPDs were tested using impulsive noise generated by an acoustic shock tube and an AR-15 rifle, following ANSI/ASA S12.42-2010 standards.
  • Measurements included IPIL and ISIL for impulsive noise, and standard insertion loss for steady-state noise.
  • Data from different noise sources and measurement types were analyzed and compared.

Main Results:

  • IPIL measurements showed variability depending on the impulse noise source used.
  • ISIL measurements demonstrated consistency across different impulse noise sources.
  • A level-dependent earplug exhibited level-dependent effects in both IPIL and ISIL.
  • Steady-state and REAT measurements generally provided a conservative estimate of attenuation compared to impulsive measures.

Conclusions:

  • IPIL measurements are highly dependent on the specific impulse noise source.
  • ISIL provides a more reliable and comprehensive metric for assessing HPD performance against impulsive noise.
  • ISIL appears to be a more complete descriptor of HPD effectiveness in impulsive noise environments.