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Impact

Impact

Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
When particles with different initial velocities collide, they induce deformation by applying equal and opposite impulses. At the point of maximum deformation, the particles move together with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

Pelvic floor dynamics during high-impact athletic activities: A computational modeling study.

Nicholas Dias¹, Yun Peng¹, Rose Khavari²

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 360 HBS Building, 4811 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77004, USA.

Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)

|November 26, 2016

Summary

Pelvic floor changes during athletic activities differ from clinical tests. This suggests urethral hypermobility may be less critical for stress urinary incontinence in young female athletes than previously thought.

Keywords:

Female athletes Finite element method Pelvic floor muscle Stress urinary incontinence Urethral hypermobility

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Published on: May 26, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Pelvic floor dynamics
Computational modeling

Background:

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is prevalent in young female athletes.
Pathophysiology of SUI in this demographic is poorly understood.
Current assessment tools have limitations in evaluating pelvic floor function during dynamic activities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an advanced computer model for analyzing pelvic floor dynamics.
To investigate internal pelvic floor behavior during high-intensity athletic activities.
To enhance understanding of SUI pathophysiology in young female athletes.

Main Methods:

Developed a 3D pelvic model from high-resolution MRI data.
Simulated a jump-landing process with realistic biomechanical conditions.
Varied levator ani muscle stiffness to simulate functional alterations and monitored pressure/deformation.

Main Results:

Pelvic floor deformation during jump-landing significantly differs from Valsalva maneuver.
Urethral mobility showed minimal change with altered levator ani muscle stiffness.
Findings suggest implications for risk factors and treatment strategies for SUI.

Conclusions:

Clinical diagnosis of SUI should account for differences between dynamic activities and Valsalva maneuvers.
Intrinsic sphincteric function may be more critical than urethral hypermobility in young female athletes' SUI.