A simple, fast and sensitive screening LC-ESI-MS/MS method for antibiotics in fish
Letícia Rocha Guidi1, Flávio Alves Santos2, Ana Cláudia S R Ribeiro2
1LBqA - Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; LAMEFI - Laboratório de Medidas Físicas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
A new liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method efficiently screens fish for multiple antibiotic classes. This analysis found 15% of fish samples positive for enrofloxacin, indicating potential contamination or misuse.
Area of Science:
- Food safety and analytical chemistry
- Veterinary drug residue analysis
Background:
- Antibiotic residues in fish pose a significant food safety concern.
- Rapid and reliable methods are needed for detecting diverse antibiotic classes in fish.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a sensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS method for screening six classes of antibiotics in fish.
- To assess the prevalence of antibiotic residues in aquaculture fish samples.
Main Methods:
- Extraction using trichloroacetic acid.
- LC separation on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column with gradient elution.
- Tandem mass spectrometry analysis in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.
Main Results:
- The validated LC-ESI-MS/MS method demonstrated suitability for routine screening of 40 antibiotics.
- Analysis of 193 fish samples revealed 15% were positive for enrofloxacin.
- One sample exceeded the 50 µg/kg threshold for enrofloxacin.
Conclusions:
- The developed LC-ESI-MS/MS method is effective for antibiotic residue screening in fish.
- The presence of enrofloxacin in fish highlights concerns regarding antibiotic use in aquaculture.
- Further investigation into contamination sources and illegal antibiotic use is warranted.
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