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Vaccines against pseudorabies virus (PrV).

C M Freuling¹, T F Müller¹, T C Mettenleiter¹

¹Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, D-17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany.

Veterinary Microbiology

|November 29, 2016

Summary

Aujeszkys disease (AD) vaccination in pigs has advanced with genetically engineered vaccines and DIVA strategies. These innovations enable differentiating vaccinated from infected animals, aiding disease eradication.

Keywords:

Aujeszky’s disease virus Marker vaccine Pseudorabies virus Recombinant vaccine Suid herpesvirus 1

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Virology
Swine Disease Control
Vaccine Development

Background:

Aujeszkys disease (AD), caused by a herpesvirus, results in significant economic losses in swine production.
Current AD control relies on inactivated and live attenuated vaccines.
Novel vaccination strategies are crucial for effective disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current state of pseudorabies virus (PrV) vaccines.
To highlight advancements in AD vaccination strategies, including genetic engineering and DIVA.
To provide an outlook on future directions in PrV vaccine development.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Aujeszky's disease vaccines.
Analysis of molecular characterization of PrV, including nonessential glycoproteins like glycoprotein E.
Examination of the development and application of marker vaccines for DIVA strategies.

Main Results:

Genetically engineered live virus vaccines lacking virulence genes have been successfully developed.
The DIVA concept, using marker vaccines and diagnostic tests, enables differentiation of vaccinated and infected animals.
Eradication of AD has been achieved in several countries using vaccination-DIVA testing strategies.
PrV has been utilized as a vector system for expressing foreign genes for broader swine disease vaccination.

Conclusions:

Vaccination strategies for Aujeszky's disease have evolved significantly, from classical attenuation to sophisticated genetic engineering.
The DIVA approach is a cornerstone for successful AD eradication programs.
Pseudorabies virus serves as a versatile platform for developing novel vaccines against various swine diseases.