Related Experiment Videos

Novel functions of circulating Klotho

Julia M Hum1, Linda O'Bryan2, Rosamund C Smith2

  • 1Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular Genetics and Gene Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Division of Biomedical Science, Marian University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA.

Bone
|November 29, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Studies on rare mineral metabolism diseases reveal αKlotho (αKL) and FGF23 functions. Extended delivery of cleaved αKlotho (cKL) in mouse models shows promise for treating chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD).

Area of Science:

  • Mineral metabolism
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Rare diseases of mineral metabolism have elucidated key biological functions of αKlotho (αKL) and Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23).
  • These insights have significant implications for prevalent conditions like chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD).
  • αKL primarily regulates mineral homeostasis in the kidney as a co-receptor for FGF23.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of cleaved αKlotho (cKL) as a circulating factor.
  • To examine the effects of extended cKL delivery in mouse models mimicking CKD-MBD phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies involving extended delivery of cleaved αKlotho (cKL).
  • Utilized mouse models exhibiting phenotypes relevant to CKD-MBD.

Main Results:

  • Emerging data highlight αKL's function beyond its co-receptor role, acting as a cleaved circulating factor (cKL).
  • Extended cKL delivery in mouse models demonstrated therapeutic potential for CKD-MBD related phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Cleaved αKlotho (cKL) represents a potential therapeutic avenue for CKD-MBD.
  • Further research into cKL's biological functions and therapeutic applications is warranted.

Keywords:
FGF23HyperphosphatemiaHypophosphatemiaPhosphateVascular calcificationcKL

Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
6.3K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
5.1K
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
4.2K
Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins

Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
3.0K
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which...
14.5K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.8K