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Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function

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Quantitative computed tomography imaging in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Lalita Fernandes¹, Yasmin Fernandes², Anthony Menezes Mesquita¹

¹Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Goa Medical College, Goa, India.

Lung India : Official Organ of Indian Chest Society

|November 29, 2016

Summary

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) helps differentiate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) components like emphysema and small airway inflammation. This review details QCT methods for identifying distinct COPD phenotypes.

Keywords:

Airway wall thickening chronic obstructive pulmonary disease imaging physiopathology pulmonary emphysema quantitative computed tomography

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Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Radiology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is complex, involving emphysema, small airway inflammation, and pulmonary hypertension.
Spirometry alone is insufficient for distinguishing these COPD components.
Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is emerging as a key tool for COPD phenotyping.

Approach:

This review explores current knowledge and methodologies in lung QCT.
Inspiratory CT quantifies emphysema; expiratory CT detects air trapping (a marker of small airway inflammation).
Three-dimensional airway modeling allows measurement of airway wall thickness.

Key Points:

QCT enables precise quantification of emphysema and air trapping.
Air trapping on expiratory CT serves as a surrogate for small airway inflammation.
Airway wall thickness can be measured using 3D models.

Conclusions:

QCT provides valuable insights into the heterogeneous nature of COPD.
Advanced QCT techniques aid in identifying discrete COPD phenotypes.
This approach enhances understanding and potentially guides personalized treatment strategies.