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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Hypersensitivity with Inhalational Budesonide: An Under Recognised Entity.

Pramod Kumar Sharma1, Neeraj Gupta2, Najmul Hasan3

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS , Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|November 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypersensitivity reactions to inhaled budesonide are rare but possible. This case report details a rare adverse effect of budesonide causing allergic reactions in a child.

Keywords:
CorticosteroidsMaculopapular rashPruritus

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Hypersensitivity reactions are common with many drugs, but corticosteroids are typically used to treat them.
  • Corticosteroids are generally considered safe, making drug-induced hypersensitivity to them unlikely.

Observation:

  • A rare case of hypersensitivity reaction to inhaled budesonide occurred in an 8-year-old boy.
  • The patient presented with maculopapular rashes and pruritus within hours of the first dose.
  • Symptoms resolved upon drug withdrawal and antihistamine treatment, recurring upon re-administration.

Findings:

  • Causality analysis indicated a probable association between inhaled budesonide and the observed allergic reaction.
  • The patient had a family history of allergic rhinitis, suggesting a potential allergic predisposition.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the possibility of budesonide-induced hypersensitivity, even though rare.
  • Clinicians should consider inhaled budesonide as a potential cause of allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.
  • Further investigation into budesonide hypersensitivity mechanisms may be warranted.