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Flow Mediated Dilatation, Carotid Intima Media Thickness, Ankle Brachial Pressure Index and Pulse Pressure in Young

Nikhil Gupta1, Subhash Giri2, Vinita Rathi3

  • 1Senior Resident, Department of Rheumatology, CMC , Vellore, Tamilnadu, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|November 29, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Young male myocardial infarction patients show abnormal early atherosclerosis markers like reduced Flow Mediated Dilatation (FMD) and increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT). These biophysical derangements persist despite treatment, highlighting the need for early atherosclerosis detection in at-risk populations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Biology
  • Diagnostic Markers

Background:

  • Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is increasing in younger populations.
  • Early detection of atherosclerosis and at-risk individuals is crucial.
  • Flow Mediated Dilatation (FMD), Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT), and Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) are potential early atherosclerosis markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare and correlate FMD, CIMT, ABI, and Pulse Pressure (PP) in young male Myocardial Infarction (MI) patients.
  • To evaluate these markers against age and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • To assess biophysical parameters in young MI survivors.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 80 male MI patients (≤45 years) and 80 healthy controls.
  • Measurements of brachial artery FMD, carotid artery CIMT, ABI, and PP were taken six weeks post-MI.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare groups and identify correlations.

Main Results:

  • Young MI patients exhibited significantly lower FMD (p<0.001) and ABI (p<0.001) compared to controls.
  • MI patients showed significantly higher CIMT (p=0.001) and PP (p=0.001).
  • Negative correlation found between FMD and CIMT (r=-0.220, p=0.005), and positive correlation between FMD and ABI (r=0.304, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Biophysical parameters indicative of atherosclerosis are deranged in young male post-MI patients.
  • These derangements persist even after six weeks of treatment.
  • The findings suggest that young MI patients may have subclinical atherosclerosis despite low Framingham risk scores.
Abstract

Keywords:
Biophysical parametersControls endothelial dysfunctionCoronary artery diseaseGlyceryl trinitrateYoung myocardial infarction

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