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Related Concept Videos

Septins01:19

Septins

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Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. In 1971 while studying the cell division cycle in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harwell et al. first identified the septin-related genes playing a crucial role in yeast cytokinesis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these proteins localize at the budding neck as rings. These ring-like proteins were then named Septins by John Pringle, and...
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Role of Septins01:02

Role of Septins

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Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
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Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria01:29

Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria

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Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

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Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
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Related Experiment Video

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Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution
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Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution

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Septins and Bacterial Infection.

Vincenzo Torraca1, Serge Mostowy1

  • 1Department of Medicine, MRC Centre of Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London London, UK.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|November 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Septins are key cytoskeletal proteins in host defense against bacterial pathogens like Listeria. Their assembly dynamics reveal insights into cellular processes crucial for fighting infection.

Keywords:
ListeriaShigellaactinautophagycell-autonomous immunitycytoskeletonmitochondriaseptins

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Septins are cytoskeletal proteins integral to cellular membranes.
  • They play a critical role in host defense mechanisms against bacterial infections.
  • Their involvement in pathogen invasion, particularly by Listeria monocytogenes, was first identified in 2002.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current research on the interaction between septins and various bacterial pathogens.
  • It highlights the structural functions of septins in mediating host defense.
  • The review also explores how studying septin assembly offers insights into fundamental cellular processes.

Key Points:

  • Septins assemble in response to diverse invasive bacterial pathogens.
  • Septin assemblies exhibit varied functions during bacterial infection.
  • Septins act as crucial structural determinants in the host's defense strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Septins are vital components of the innate immune system, actively participating in combating bacterial infections.
  • Investigating septin assembly dynamics provides a window into cellular mechanisms such as phagocytosis, autophagy, and mitochondrial regulation.
  • Understanding septin-pathogen interactions is key to developing novel host-directed antimicrobial strategies.