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Cognitive task demands and discourse performance after traumatic brain injury.

Lindsey Byom1,2, Lyn S Turkstra1

  • 1Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.

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Summary

Adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) show social communication deficits, particularly in spoken discourse, linked to cognitive impairments like executive functioning and theory of mind. Discourse behaviors impact social perception.

Keywords:
executive functionsocial communicationspeech-language pathologytheory of mindtraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Social communication challenges are prevalent in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  • These difficulties, especially in spoken discourse, are often attributed to underlying cognitive impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the impact of executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM) on TBI patients' communication.
  • To explore the correlation between discourse output and communication partners' perceptions.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one adults with moderate-to-severe TBI and 23 controls performed a discourse task with manipulated EF and ToM demands.
  • Measures included fluency, mental state terms (MSTs), and speech rate.
  • Discourse was rated for social acceptability by naive observers.

Main Results:

  • The TBI group used fewer MSTs and spoke slower than controls.
  • Task conditions significantly affected MST use and speech rate.
  • MST use and fluency correlated with social acceptability ratings.

Conclusions:

  • Findings confirm social communication deficits in TBI adults, influenced by cognitive factors.
  • Discourse performance can affect social perception.
  • Cognitive demands of tasks influence post-TBI social communication.