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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

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The relationship between sleep and work: A meta-analysis.

Brett Litwiller1, Lori Anderson Snyder2, William D Taylor2

  • 1State Farm Insurance.

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Employee sleep quality and quantity significantly impact workplace outcomes, including performance and health. Improving sleep through individual or organizational changes is crucial for a healthier, safer, and more productive workforce.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health Psychology
  • Organizational Behavior
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Sleep is critical for employee performance, safety, health, and attitudes.
  • Sleep is a modifiable behavior, yet consensus on its conceptualization and impact is lacking.
  • Understanding employee sleep is vital for organizational well-being and productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a stronger theoretical foundation for employee sleep research.
  • To meta-analytically examine the relationships between sleep quality, sleep quantity, and organizational factors.
  • To clarify the conceptualization of employee sleep and its impact on work outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted meta-analytic correlations on 152 primary studies of sleep among organizational workers.
  • Analyzed relationships between sleep quality and quantity with various organizational antecedents and outcomes.
  • Utilized moderator analyses to investigate the influence of measurement methods on sleep-work relationships.

Main Results:

  • Both sleep quality and quantity negatively correlated with workload, health, attitudinal, and affective outcomes.
  • Sleep quality and quantity exhibited distinct relationships with different correlates, with quality showing stronger links to perceptual variables.
  • Measurement methods and the number of self-report items moderated sleep-work relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Findings have implications for developing theories on sleep and work, and for measuring employee sleep.
  • Highlights the importance of considering both sleep quality and quantity in organizational interventions.
  • Suggests that interventions targeting sleep can improve employee health, attitudes, and performance.