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Aneuploidy in Cancer and Aging
Ryan M Naylor1, Jan M van Deursen1,2
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
Annual Review of Genetics
|November 29, 2016
Summary
Chromosomal instability (CIN) paradoxically hinders cancer progression and links to aging. Understanding CIN
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Genetics
- Oncology
Background:
- Chromosomal instability (CIN) is prevalent in cancer cells, yet evidence suggests it impairs fitness and hinders tumor development.
- This presents a paradox regarding CIN's role in cancer progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To reconcile the paradoxical roles of CIN in cancer.
- To explore the link between aneuploidy and aging.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of CIN regulation and its implications.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on CIN, aneuploidy, and aging.
- Analysis of the function and regulation of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C).
- Description of mechanisms causing whole-chromosome gain or loss.
Main Results:
- CIN may impair cellular fitness and prevent neoplastic transformation, contrary to expectations.
- An unexpected link between aneuploidy (abnormal chromosome number) and aging was identified.
- The anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) is crucial for high-fidelity chromosome segregation.
Conclusions:
- Reconciling the CIN-cancer paradox requires considering its dual role in fitness and transformation.
- Aneuploidy, a consequence of CIN, is linked to the aging process.
- Further understanding of CIN in cancer and aging can advance patient care.
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