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Arteries of the Upper Limbs

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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...

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Two-Dimensional X-Ray Angiography to Examine Fine Vascular Structure Using a Silicone Rubber Injection Compound

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Pre-expanded Supraclavicular Artery Perforator Flap.

Norbert Pallua¹, Bong-Sung Kim¹

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074, Germany.

Clinics in Plastic Surgery

|November 30, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The modified anterior supraclavicular artery perforator (SAP) flap offers thinner, more pliable tissue for head and neck reconstruction. Pre-expansion enhances flap size, allowing coverage of large defects without microsurgery.

Keywords:

Head and neck reconstruction Maxillofacial reconstruction Perforator flap Pre-expansion Supraclavicular flap

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Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

The supraclavicular artery perforator (SAP) flap is a recognized technique for head and neck defect reconstruction.
Limitations of the original SAP flap include tissue thickness and color match for facial and neck reconstructions.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate a modified anterior SAP flap utilizing the anterior branch of the transverse cervical artery.
To assess the characteristics and reconstructive potential of the anterior SAP flap.

Main Methods:

Modification of the SAP flap by incorporating the anterior branch of the transverse cervical artery.
Harvesting of the anterior SAP flap from the deltopectoral fossa.
Evaluation of flap characteristics: thickness, pliability, and color match.
Assessment of flap size augmentation through pre-expansion.

Main Results:

The anterior SAP flap provides a thinner and more pliable tissue island.
Superior color match of the anterior SAP flap to facial and neck tissues was observed compared to the original SAP flap.
Pre-expansion significantly increased flap size, facilitating coverage of extensive defects.

Conclusions:

The anterior SAP flap represents an improved option for head and neck reconstruction.
This modified flap offers enhanced aesthetic and functional outcomes.
Pre-expansion enables defect coverage without requiring microsurgical techniques.