Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

18.9K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
18.9K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

28.4K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
28.4K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

8.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
8.1K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

12.0K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
12.0K
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

10.2K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
10.2K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.8K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>Spatholobus suberectus</i> Dunn inhibits breast cancer bone metastasis <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in</i> <i>vivo</i>.

Journal of traditional and complementary medicine·2026
Same author

Mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c targets SLC7A11 to preserve spermatogenesis by suppressing ferroptosis.

Free radical biology & medicine·2026
Same author

Hibernation-inspired musculoskeletal resilience: comparative mechanisms of adaptation to disuse and unloading.

Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·2026
Same author

Radix Rehmanniae Preparata polysaccharide promoted zebrafish heart regeneration by activating the IFN-γ/NF-κB signaling axis.

Biology direct·2026
Same author

PBVHx-based microspheres for controlled BMP2 release and enhanced bone regeneration in a disuse osteoporosis mouse model.

Biomaterials translational·2026
Same author

Adipocytic sclerostin loop3-LRP4 interaction required by sclerostin to impair whole-body lipid and glucose metabolism.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Differential cardiac microRNA expression in anoxic Trachemys scripta elegans turtles.

Biochimie·2026
Same journal

Renal failure-driven luminal ammonia production impairs gut barrier function in CKD.

Biochimie·2026
Same journal

Conditional Knockout of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase-1 in Osteoprogenitor Cells in Mice Results in Sex-dependent Differences in Bone Mass.

Biochimie·2026
Same journal

Sedentariness disrupts, while exercise restores, thermogenic and metabolic plasticity in inguinal adipose tissue of mice.

Biochimie·2026
Same journal

Chrononutrition as a modulator of retinal metabolic resilience: A translational framework linking circadian biology to ocular disease.

Biochimie·2026
Same journal

Heterologous expression, purification, and biophysical characterisation of the cobalt-dependent nitrile hydratase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870.

Biochimie·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

10.0K

Strategies to identify natural antisense transcripts.

Yulong Sun1, Dijie Li1, Ru Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.

Biochimie
|November 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural antisense transcripts (NATs), once dismissed as "junk DNA," are crucial gene regulators across life. This review explores efficient strategies for identifying functional NATs, vital for understanding their biological roles.

Keywords:
Long noncoding RNAMicroarrayNatural antisense transcriptsRACERNA-ChIPRNA-Seq

More Related Videos

Identification of RNAs Engaged in Direct RNA-RNA Interaction with a Long Non-Coding RNA
07:24

Identification of RNAs Engaged in Direct RNA-RNA Interaction with a Long Non-Coding RNA

Published on: July 9, 2021

2.7K
Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
10:21

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation

Published on: February 1, 2019

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

10.0K
Identification of RNAs Engaged in Direct RNA-RNA Interaction with a Long Non-Coding RNA
07:24

Identification of RNAs Engaged in Direct RNA-RNA Interaction with a Long Non-Coding RNA

Published on: July 9, 2021

2.7K
Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
10:21

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation

Published on: February 1, 2019

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) were initially considered transcriptional noise from
  • junk DNA.
  • Emerging evidence highlights NATs as significant modulators of gene expression in diverse organisms, influencing processes from transcription to translation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current strategies for identifying NATs.
  • To evaluate methods for isolating functional NATs, detailing their pros and cons.
  • To discuss available databases for NATs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NAT identification strategies.
  • Analysis of methods for functional NAT isolation.
  • Compilation of publicly accessible NAT databases.

Main Results:

  • NATs play diverse roles in gene regulation, affecting multiple expression stages.
  • Despite advances in high-throughput sequencing, the number of functionally characterized NATs remains limited (~70).
  • Various methods exist for NAT identification, each with specific advantages and limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient NAT identification strategies are crucial for advancing research in this field.
  • Understanding NATs' functions requires robust identification and characterization methods.
  • Public databases offer valuable resources for NAT research.