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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

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Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
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Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
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Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
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Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: An Office Procedure
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Prostatic artery embolization in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review.

Jeremy Y C Teoh1,2, Peter K F Chiu3, Chi-Hang Yee3

  • 1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China. jeremyteoh@surgery.cuhk.edu.hk.

International Urology and Nephrology
|November 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) shows limited evidence for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia compared to other procedures. More research is needed to establish PAE

Keywords:
EmbolisationEmbolizationProstateProstatic disease

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects a significant number of men.
  • Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is an emerging treatment option for BPH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the current evidence on PAE for BPH.
  • To compare PAE outcomes with other established BPH treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials and non-randomized cohort studies.
  • Analysis of outcomes including IPSS, QOL, Qmax, PVR, IIEF, PV, and PSA.

Main Results:

  • PAE showed varied results compared to transurethral resection of the prostate and open prostatectomy.
  • Unilateral PAE did not significantly differ from bilateral PAE after age adjustment.
  • PAE with 100 μm particles showed greater PSA reduction but worse IIEF scores than 200 μm particles.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence on PAE for BPH is limited.
  • Further comparative studies are required to define PAE's role in BPH management.