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Related Experiment Videos

Mental slowing in elderly persons: a cognitive psychophysiological analysis.

T R Bashore1, A Osman, E F Heffley

  • 1Medical College of Pennsylvania at EPPI.

Psychology and Aging
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Older adults experience mental slowing, but new research suggests this decline may be additive, not proportional, affecting different cognitive processes uniquely. This challenges previous integrative models of cognitive aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Previous meta-analyses suggested a proportional decline in mental processing speed in older adults.
  • These models proposed that aging affects all cognitive elements equally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of mental slowing in elderly individuals.
  • To examine whether cognitive decline is proportional or additive.
  • To question the interpretation of previous meta-regression analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted regression analyses incorporating reaction time data.
  • Included the latency of the P300 component of event-related brain potentials.
  • Analyzed data from numerous studies across various speeded decision-making tasks.

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Main Results:

  • Findings indicate that some aspects of mental processing may slow additively in older adults.
  • This contrasts with the previously proposed proportional decline model.
  • The results challenge the generalized proportional decline theory.

Conclusions:

  • Mental slowing in aging may involve additive processes, not solely proportional ones.
  • The interpretation of previous meta-regression analyses regarding cognitive aging needs re-evaluation.
  • A more nuanced model of cognitive aging is suggested.