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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
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Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

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The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
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Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
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Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
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Subinterlobular Pleural Location Is a Risk Factor for Pneumothorax After Bronchoscopy.

Haruka Chino1,2, Motoyasu Iikura3, Nayuta Saito3

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. hchino-tky@umin.ac.jp.

Respiratory Care
|December 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Bronchoscopy can lead to pneumothorax, particularly when targeting lesions near the interlobular pleura. Special care is advised during procedures involving subpleural or interlobular pleural lesions to minimize this risk.

Keywords:
adverse effectsbiopsybronchoscopypleurapneumothoraxrisk

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Interventional Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pneumothorax is a significant complication following bronchoscopy procedures.
  • Identifying risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumothorax is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the specific risk factors associated with iatrogenic pneumothorax after bronchoscopy.
  • To identify patient and lesion characteristics that predict the occurrence of pneumothorax.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for patients who developed pneumothorax post-bronchoscopy.
  • Comparison with a control group of patients who underwent bronchoscopy without pneumothorax.
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses to identify significant risk factors.

Main Results:

  • 2.3% of 991 patients developed pneumothorax after bronchoscopy; 57% required chest tube drainage.
  • Risk factors included female gender and target lesions in the subpleural area (OR 7.8), particularly those near the interlobular pleura (OR 5.1) and in the left lung (OR 3.2).
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed subinterlobular pleural lesion location as a significant risk factor (OR 4.8).

Conclusions:

  • Bronchoscopy for subinterlobular pleural lesions is associated with a significantly higher incidence of pneumothorax.
  • Increased vigilance and careful technique are recommended during bronchoscopy, especially when lesions are adjacent to the interlobular pleura.