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Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

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Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
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Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

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Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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The pharmacokinetic journey of oral drugs begins with a crucial first pass through the hepatic portal system, called the first-pass effect. This first pass significantly impacts bioavailability — the proportion of a drug that enters systemic circulation and is available for therapeutic action. The primary route sees the drug absorbed by intestinal membranes and then shunted to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Here, pre-systemic elimination occurs as drugs face metabolism or biliary...
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Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Intravascular Delivery of Biologics to the Rat Kidney
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Buprenorphine transdermal system utilization.

Laura Wallace1, Aditi Kadakia1

  • 1a Medical Affairs Strategic Research , Purdue Pharma L.P , Stamford , CT , USA.

Postgraduate Medicine
|December 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study found that while the average opioid dose reduction was modest for patients starting buprenorphine transdermal system (BTDS), about a quarter significantly decreased their total opioid dosage. BTDS may help patients reduce opioid use.

Keywords:
Buprenorphinechronic paindosingopioidutilization

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Opioid use disorder (OUD) and chronic pain management present significant public health challenges.
  • Buprenorphine transdermal system (BTDS) is a Schedule III controlled substance indicated for pain management.
  • Understanding utilization patterns and opioid dose reduction is crucial for optimizing pain management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utilization patterns of patients initiating buprenorphine transdermal system (BTDS).
  • To estimate the proportion of patients who decrease their total opioid dose while using BTDS.
  • To assess the role of BTDS in opioid dose reduction for chronic pain patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan® database (2011-2015).
  • Inclusion criteria: adults (18-64 years) newly dispensed BTDS with continuous insurance coverage for six months pre- and post-index prescription.
  • Analysis focused on pain conditions, concomitant opioid use, and changes in opioid dosage (morphine-equivalent doses - MED).

Main Results:

  • Back and neck pain were the most common conditions (n=31,533); 88% used opioids pre-BTDS.
  • Nearly half (48%) initiated with 10 mcg/hour BTDS; 80% had concomitant opioid prescriptions, mainly immediate-release (IR).
  • While average total opioid MED was modest, 24% of patients reduced their MED by approximately 42.8 units compared to baseline.

Conclusions:

  • Most patients initiating BTDS had prior IR opioid treatment history.
  • A significant subpopulation (approx. 25%) achieved marked reductions in total opioid MED.
  • BTDS warrants further investigation as a strategy for opioid dose reduction in pain management.