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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.5K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.5K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

8.6K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
578
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

340
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
340
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

323
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
323
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

259
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
259

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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography
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Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography

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Obesity and Other Cancers.

Lin Yang1, Bettina F Drake1, Graham A Colditz1

  • 1Lin Yang, Bettina F. Drake, and Graham A. Colditz, Washington University School of Medicine and Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO; and Lin Yang, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
|December 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Obesity increases the risk of advanced prostate cancer, hematologic malignancies, and kidney cancer mortality. While avoiding excess body fatness lowers multiple myeloma risk, its impact on other cancers requires further investigation.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Growing evidence links overweight and obesity to increased cancer risk and mortality.
  • The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) updated its handbook on weight control in 2016, incorporating new data.
  • Previous reports have highlighted associations between obesity and various cancers, with ongoing research refining these links.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize evidence on the association between obesity and mortality from prostate cancer, hematologic malignancies, and kidney cancer.
  • To review pooled analyses of individual participant data to understand obesity's impact on cancer risk and prognosis.
  • To update the understanding of obesity's role in cancer, building upon previous IARC reports.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pooled analyses of rare endpoints across cohorts to minimize publication bias.
  • Inclusion of data beyond primary reported results from individual studies.
  • Synthesis of evidence from meta-analyses and individual participant data pooled analyses.

Main Results:

  • Higher body mass index (BMI) is linked to increased risk of advanced prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality.
  • Increased BMI is associated with worse survival in most hematologic malignancy subtypes, showing a dose-response relationship.
  • While an obesity paradox exists for clear cell kidney cancer, higher cohort-entry BMI correlates with worse kidney cancer-specific survival.

Conclusions:

  • Adiposity contributes to a growing cancer burden across different life stages.
  • Avoiding excess body fatness is sufficient to lower the risk of multiple myeloma.
  • The effectiveness of weight management post-diagnosis for improving cancer survival remains an open question.