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Infant mortality in Cuba, 1969-1988.

R Riverón Corteguera, N E Ríos Massabot, R Carpio Sabatela

Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization

|January 1, 1989

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Cuban infant mortality significantly decreased by 74.5% between 1969 and 1988. Key factors included prioritizing the health sector and improving living conditions, leading to substantial reductions in neonatal and postneonatal mortality.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Demography
Pediatrics

Background:

Infant mortality rates in Cuba showed a significant decline over a two-decade period.
Improvements in health services and living standards are often linked to reduced infant mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the trends and contributing factors of infant mortality reduction in Cuba from 1969 to 1988.
To assess the impact of health policies and socioeconomic changes on infant mortality rates.

Main Methods:

Statistical analysis of available data on infant mortality rates.
Examination of changes in health service organization, quality, and coverage.
Correlation of mortality trends with improvements in living standards and healthcare infrastructure.

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Main Results:

Overall infant mortality decreased by approximately 74.5% between 1969 and 1988.
Significant reductions were observed in early neonatal (64.0%), late neonatal, and postneonatal mortality.
Mortality gains were distributed across provinces, with persistent regional disparities.

Conclusions:

A high-priority national health policy significantly contributed to the decline in infant mortality.
Improvements in healthcare access, living conditions, and medical technology were crucial factors.
Sustained focus on public health initiatives can lead to dramatic reductions in infant mortality.