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Differential effect of visual motion adaption upon visual cortical excitability.

Astrid J A Lubeck1,2, Angelique Van Ombergen1,3, Hena Ahmad1

  • 1Academic Department of Neuro-Otology, Division of Brain Sciences, Charing Cross Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|December 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Visual motion adaptation differentially affects early visual and V5/MT cortex excitability. These changes in visual cortex excitability are not linked to an individual

Keywords:
V5/MTcortical excitabilityearly visual cortextranscranial magnetic stimulationvisual dependencyvisual motion adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Cortical Plasticity

Background:

  • Visual motion adaptation is a key mechanism for processing dynamic visual scenes.
  • Understanding how adaptation affects visual cortex excitability is crucial for deciphering visual processing.
  • The role of individual differences, such as visual dependency, in cortical plasticity remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of visual motion adaptation on the excitability of the early visual cortex and the V5/MT area.
  • To determine if changes in cortical excitability after adaptation correlate with an individual's level of visual dependency.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent visual motion adaptation using a roll motion stimulus.
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to measure phosphene thresholds in early visual and V5/MT areas.
  • Visual dependency was assessed by measuring the alignment of the subjective visual vertical.

Main Results:

  • Early visual cortex excitability decreased during adaptation, while V5/MT excitability increased.
  • Following adaptation, both early visual and V5/MT cortical excitability showed an increase.
  • Visual dependency was not affected by motion adaptation and did not correlate with cortical excitability changes.

Conclusions:

  • Visual motion adaptation induces differential changes in early visual and V5/MT cortical excitability.
  • Cortical excitability changes following motion adaptation are independent of an individual's visual dependency.
  • These findings highlight distinct roles for early visual cortex and V5/MT in motion processing and adaptation.