Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.4K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.4K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

58.2K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
58.2K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

8.4K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
8.4K
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

5.9K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
5.9K
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

682
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
682
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

912
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
912

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Absent P3a. Performance Monitoring ERPs Differentiate Trust in Humans and Autonomous Systems.

Psychophysiology·2026
Same author

The neuroanatomy of depression: weak but replicable effects in 4021 individuals from three clinical cohorts.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Decomposing neuroanatomical heterogeneity in depression: insights from an ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group study in 5146 individuals.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Functional Outcome Prediction in Young Adults With Mental Health Symptoms Using Machine Learning and Large Language Models: Longitudinal Observational Study.

JMIR mental health·2026
Same author

Increasing participation of people with thought disorder in clinical research.

European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·2026
Same author

Multiscale characterization of cortical signatures in positive and negative schizotypy: a worldwide ENIGMA study.

Molecular psychiatry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging
07:12

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging

Published on: January 24, 2025

1.5K

Predicting "When" in Discourse Engages the Human Dorsal Auditory Stream: An fMRI Study Using Naturalistic Stories.

Katerina Danae Kandylaki1,2,3, Arne Nagels4, Sarah Tune5

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35039 Marburg, Germany, a.kandylaki@imperial.ac.uk.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|December 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study shows the brain predicts upcoming story elements in natural language using a hierarchical network. This predictive coding in the dorsal auditory stream helps us understand language processing in real-world contexts.

Keywords:
auditorydorsal streamfMRIlanguagepredictive codingtemporal receptive windows

More Related Videos

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
11:14

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

11.6K
Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

17.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging
07:12

Profiling Maternal Behavior Responses During Whole-Brain Imaging

Published on: January 24, 2025

1.5K
A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
11:14

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants

Published on: October 4, 2015

11.6K
Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

17.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Human cortical circuits integrate information across timescales using temporal receptive windows.
  • A neurobiological model suggests temporal receptive windows in the dorsal auditory stream support hierarchical predictive coding for language.
  • This model posits nested internal models generate time-based predictions for linguistic input at various levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if multi-sentence, discourse-level predictions are processed in the dorsal auditory stream.
  • To investigate if highly predicted language input yields attenuated Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) responses.
  • To explore the neurobiological basis of language processing in naturalistic contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) with naturalistic stories.
  • Analyzed BOLD responses to varying levels of linguistic predictability.
  • Focused on discourse-related cues (e.g., passive voice) influencing remention predictability.

Main Results:

  • Discourse-level predictions were processed in the dorsal auditory stream, specifically in the inferior parietal lobule, middle frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus.
  • Highly predictable discourse input led to attenuated BOLD responses compared to less predictable input.
  • Content-related predictions ("what") showed effects in ventral brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • Hierarchical predictive coding extends to discourse-level processing in natural language.
  • Language processing in rich contexts relies on domain-general neurobiological mechanisms.
  • Findings ground language processing in a hierarchical predictive network shared with other brain functions.