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Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms
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Critical Comments on EEG Sensor Space Dynamical Connectivity Analysis.

Frederik Van de Steen1, Luca Faes2, Esin Karahan3

  • 1Department of Data Analysis, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Frederik.vandesteen@ugent.be.

Brain Topography
|December 2, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Causal connectivity analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) sensor data can yield misleading results due to volume conduction. True brain source interactions require source-level analysis or methods robust to signal mixing for accurate interpretation.

Keywords:
Brain connectivityDirected transfer functionEEGGranger causalityMVAR

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) is crucial for studying brain interactions.
  • Linear parametric methods are common for assessing causal connectivity.
  • Interpreting EEG connectivity requires careful consideration of underlying assumptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that EEG sensor-level causal connectivity measures can be misinterpreted.
  • To highlight the impact of volume conduction on Granger causality (GC) and Directed Transfer Function (DTF).
  • To provide recommendations for accurate brain connectivity analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis using a state-space framework.
  • Two simulation studies to investigate spurious connectivity.
  • Evaluation of time-domain Granger causality (GC) and frequency-domain Directed Transfer Function (DTF).

Main Results:

  • EEG sensor locations do not approximate brain source locations.
  • Volume conduction causes spurious connectivity between sensors.
  • Both GC and DTF can detect false connections due to mixing effects.

Conclusions:

  • Sensor-level EEG connectivity analysis is insufficient for inferring brain source interactions.
  • Causal connectivity should be computed at the source level or account for volume conduction.
  • Robust source space analysis combined with appropriate connectivity measures is recommended.