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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Trans-inner Cell Mass Injection of Embryonic Stem Cells Leads to Higher Chimerism Rates
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Stem cells and interspecies chimaeras.

Jun Wu1,2, Henry T Greely3, Rudolf Jaenisch4

  • 1Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.

Nature
|December 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mammalian interspecies chimeras, combining different species' cells, are advanced research tools. Stem cell innovations enhance their use for fundamental biology and clinical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Stem cell research
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chimeras, organisms with genetically distinct cells, have historical roots.
  • Mammalian interspecies chimeras are established research models.
  • Recent stem cell advancements have revitalized chimera research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the expanded utility of mammalian interspecies chimeras.
  • To highlight new research avenues opened by stem cell technology.
  • To discuss potential clinical applications of chimeras.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing various stem cell types (e.g., pluripotent stem cells).
  • Generating interspecies chimeras through advanced techniques.
  • Analyzing chimera development and contribution.

Main Results:

  • Broadened repertoire and utility of mammalian chimeras.
  • Enabled new approaches to fundamental biological questions.
  • Identified potential for novel clinical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Mammalian interspecies chimeras are increasingly valuable research tools.
  • Stem cell advancements are key to their expanding utility.
  • Chimeras offer promising avenues for biological discovery and medicine.