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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
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Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Contact Force and Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.

W Ullah1, R J Schilling1, T Wong1

  • 1Cardiology Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.

Journal of Atrial Fibrillation
|December 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contact force (CF)-sensing catheters improve radiofrequency ablation efficacy and safety by optimizing catheter contact with the myocardium. Further research is needed to define optimal CF parameters for ablation success.

Keywords:
Atrial FibrillationCatheter AblationContact Force

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Area of Science:

  • Electrophysiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) catheter contact with myocardium influences lesion size and procedural safety.
  • Factors like respiration and catheter delivery affect catheter-tip contact variability.
  • Excessive contact can lead to complications such as steam pops and perforation.

Approach:

  • Utilizing novel catheters with contact force (CF) sensing capabilities.
  • Comparing outcomes of RFA procedures with and without CF-sensing technology.
  • Investigating methods to define optimal CF targets, including assessing pulmonary vein reconnection and impedance response.

Key Points:

  • CF-sensing technology may improve complication rates, procedure times, and success rates in RFA.
  • Some studies show no significant difference in outcomes with CF data.
  • Mean CF, force-time integral, and contact stability are crucial for ablation efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • CF-sensing technology is increasingly adopted as a standard of care in RFA.
  • Optimization of individual RF applications using CF data can enhance efficacy and safety.
  • Multicenter prospective randomized data are essential to establish definitive optimal CF parameters for ablation.