Related Experiment Videos
Next generation gamma-ray Cherenkov detectors for the National Ignition Facility
H W Herrmann1, Y H Kim1, A M McEvoy1
1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 3, 2016
Summary
The Gas Cherenkov Detector (GCD-3) enhances inertial confinement fusion diagnostics at the Omega Laser Facility. This advanced detector will be deployed at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) for improved reaction history measurements.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear Fusion Diagnostics
- Plasma Physics
- High-Energy Physics
Background:
- Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments require precise measurement of reaction histories.
- Previous generations of Gas Cherenkov Detectors (GCD) have been instrumental in ICF diagnostics.
- Neutron Temporal Diagnostic (NTD) provides complementary data for cross-validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce the performance improvements of the Gas Cherenkov Detector, generation 3 (GCD-3).
- To detail the deployment of GCD-3 at the National Ignition Facility (NIF).
- To explore the potential for enhanced temporal resolution in fusion diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing GCD-3 for gamma-ray detection in ICF experiments.
- Comparing GCD-3 reaction histories with Neutron Temporal Diagnostic (NTD) data.
- Evaluating the performance of GCD-3 at varying distances from the target chamber center (TCC).
Main Results:
- GCD-3 demonstrates improved performance compared to prior detector generations.
- Cross-validation with NTD confirms the credibility of both gamma-ray and neutron measurements.
- Initial deployment at 3.9 m from TCC at NIF is planned.
Conclusions:
- GCD-3 is a valuable addition to NIF diagnostics, supplementing existing systems.
- Data from GCD-3 will guide the development of a "Super" GCD for near-target measurements.
- Future upgrades may leverage Pulse Dilation Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) technology for sub-100 ps temporal resolution.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II
1.3K
In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
1.3K
03:20Nuclear Transmutation
20.9K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
20.9K
01:29Determination of Crystal Structures
30
In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
30
02:45Nuclear Fusion
34.2K
The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
34.2K
01:21Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I
1.8K
There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
1.8K
02:50Nuclear Fission
12.7K
Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large...
12.7K