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The National Ignition Facility modular Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope.

L A Pickworth1, J Ayers1, P Bell1

  • 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A new X-ray microscope improves spatial resolution for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. This Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope (KBM) offers higher magnification and signal-to-noise ratio for studying small-scale phenomena.

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • X-ray Optics
  • Fusion Energy Research

Background:

  • Current X-ray imaging at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) uses pinhole cameras with limited spatial resolution (10-25 μm).
  • Broadband X-ray spectra from inertial confinement fusion (ICF) sources complicate image interpretation.
  • Resolving small-scale features (∼5 μm), like dopant mix, requires improved imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and field a higher spatial resolution X-ray microscope for ICF applications.
  • To overcome the limitations of current pinhole imaging techniques.
  • To enable the study of fine-scale structures within ICF capsules.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and implemented a Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope (KBM) using grazing incidence mirrors.

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  • Configured the KBM with four imaging channels for enhanced data acquisition.
  • Utilized multilayer mirrors for a narrow energy band response (e.g., 10.2 keV with ΔE ∼ 3 keV).

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved approximately 12x magnification and <8 μm spatial resolution.
    • Demonstrated higher throughput compared to traditional pinhole systems.
    • Developed interchangeable mirror packs for tunable energy response.

    Conclusions:

    • The KBM provides significantly improved spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio for ICF diagnostics.
    • This advanced X-ray microscope enables detailed study of phenomena at the 5 μm scale.
    • The adaptable design allows for future customization to meet evolving experimental needs.