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Publisher's Note: "Preparation, analysis, and application of coated glass targets for the Wendelstein 7-X laser blow-off system" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 083503 (2020)].

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A high resolution IR/visible imaging system for the W7-X limiter.

G A Wurden1, L A Stephey2, C Biedermann3

  • 1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new high-resolution imaging system with mid-infrared and visible cameras was used on the W7-X stellarator. This system monitored graphite limiters, measuring heat loads and particle fluxes for fusion energy research.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Fusion energy research
  • Materials science

Background:

  • The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator requires advanced diagnostics to monitor plasma-facing components.
  • Graphite limiters are crucial for plasma confinement but are susceptible to heat loads and particle erosion.
  • Understanding limiter behavior is essential for optimizing stellarator performance and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To deploy and operate a novel high-resolution imaging system for analyzing W7-X inboard graphite limiters.
  • To measure surface temperature, heat loads, and particle fluxes on the limiter tiles.
  • To correlate infrared (IR) and visible light emissions with plasma conditions and limiter performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a synchronized mid-infrared (IR) and visible light camera system with sub-millimeter resolution.
  • Acquired IR data at frame rates from 125 Hz to 1.25 kHz to capture transient thermal events.
  • Employed narrow bandpass filters (C-III, H-alpha) on the visible camera for specific impurity analysis.

Main Results:

  • Observed surface temperature increases exceeding 350°C on limiter tiles, particularly at leading edges and defect hotspots.
  • Inferred plasma power fluxes in the range of 1-4.5 MW/m² during electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH).
  • Measured equilibrated bulk tile temperatures and tile energy inputs (approx. 30 kJ/tile) using calorimetric IR data.
  • Tracked small unipolar-arcing (UFO) events and correlated IR hotspots with C-III light emissions.

Conclusions:

  • The high-resolution IR and visible imaging system is effective for diagnosing W7-X limiter performance.
  • The system provides crucial data for understanding heat and particle loads on plasma-facing components.
  • This diagnostic capability aids in optimizing stellarator operation and material protection strategies.