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Fabrication and Characterization of High-Q Silicon Nitride Membrane Resonators

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Parametric Symmetry Breaking in a Nonlinear Resonator.

Anina Leuch¹, Luca Papariello², Oded Zilberberg²

¹Institute for Solid State Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|December 3, 2016

Summary

Researchers observed novel double hysteresis in a driven nonlinear resonator, revealing out-of-equilibrium symmetry breaking. This finding in harmonic oscillators could advance ultrasensitive detection and low-energy computing.

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Area of Science:

Nonlinear dynamics
Thermodynamics
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Harmonic oscillators are fundamental to physics, describing systems in equilibrium and far-from-equilibrium states.
Understanding nonlinear oscillators driven by multiple forces is crucial for modern physics applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the behavior of a resonating system with intrinsic nonlinearities under combined driving forces.
To experimentally realize and theoretically model a macroscopic doubly clamped string resonator.

Main Methods:

Constructed a controllable macroscopic doubly clamped string resonator.
Experimentally measured the amplitude and phase of the resonator's response function.
Developed a theoretical model to explain the observed phenomena.

Main Results:

Observed a novel double hysteresis in the resonator's amplitude and phase response.
The double hysteresis is linked to out-of-equilibrium symmetry breaking between parametric phase states.
Experimental results show excellent agreement with the theoretical model.

Conclusions:

The study reveals a fundamental out-of-equilibrium phenomenon in a ubiquitous physical system.
Findings pave the way for exploring new dynamical phases in driven many-body systems.
Potential applications include ultrasensitive force detection and low-energy computing memory units.