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Map reading, navigating from maps, and the medial temporal lobe.

Zhisen J Urgolites1,2, Soyun Kim3, Ramona O Hopkins4,5,6

  • 1Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The hippocampus is not essential for spatial computations during map reading and navigation. Large medial temporal lobe lesions, however, can impair map-reading abilities, potentially due to parahippocampal cortex damage.

Keywords:
hippocampusmemoryspatial navigation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Spatial Navigation

Background:

  • Map reading involves complex spatial computations to align map and environmental coordinates.
  • The role of the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe (MTL) in these processes is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the necessity of the hippocampus for spatial computations in map reading.
  • To determine the impact of medial temporal lobe (MTL) lesions on map-reading performance.

Main Methods:

  • Administered map-reading tasks with varying path lengths and initial orientations.
  • Compared performance of patients with hippocampal lesions, large MTL lesions, and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Hippocampal patients performed similarly to controls in all map-reading tasks.
  • A patient with large MTL lesions showed significant deficits, particularly when map and environmental coordinates conflicted.
  • All patients exhibited memory impairments for task details post-testing.

Conclusions:

  • The hippocampus is not required for the spatial computations involved in map reading and navigation.
  • Impaired map reading in large MTL lesion patients may be linked to damage affecting the parahippocampal cortex.