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Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
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Global patterns and determinants of forest canopy height.

Shengli Tao1, Qinghua Guo2, Chao Li1

  • 1Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.

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|December 3, 2016
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Summary

Forest canopy height is influenced by water availability, peaking at 680 mm of precipitation minus evapotranspiration. Excessive water can negatively impact tree height, contrary to previous assumptions.

Keywords:
RH100climatic indicesforest canopy heightgeoscience laser altimeter systemgiant treeslight detection and rangingpotential evapotranspirationtallest treewater supply

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Forestry
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • Forest canopy height is a key indicator of forest biomass, biodiversity, and ecosystem health.
  • Global patterns of forest canopy height and their climatic drivers remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the global patterns of forest canopy height.
  • To identify the climatic determinants influencing forest canopy height worldwide.
  • To test the hydraulic limitation hypothesis and explore the role of water availability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized satellite LiDAR data for forest canopy height measurements.
  • Integrated field data from giant tree measurements.
  • Employed climate indices, specifically precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration (P-PET), to analyze determinants.

Main Results:

  • Mean canopy height is greatest in tropical regions, with tall forests found across various latitudes.
  • Water availability (P-PET) emerged as the strongest predictor of global forest canopy height.
  • A novel hump-shaped relationship was observed: canopy height increased with P-PET, peaked at ~680 mm, then declined, indicating negative impacts of excessive water.

Conclusions:

  • Global forest canopy height is significantly controlled by water availability, supporting the hydraulic limitation hypothesis.
  • Excessive water supply, not just scarcity, can limit maximum forest canopy height, challenging prior research.
  • Findings offer critical insights for forest management, conservation, and refining forest growth models.